Research Abstract
The present avian anatomists have shown a renewed interest in looking at whether the structure of the avian eyelid is accommo
dated by the kinetic achievement for each eyelid. The current work utilised both histological and anatomical methods to explore
the eyelid's structural association with their kinetic, utilising the hoopoe and cattle egret as natural models. The third lid moved
only without implicating other lids. Wrinkles on the edge of the hoopoe's eyelid became less pronounced during the opening
phase, in contrast to, the edge of the egret's eyelid. The elevator muscle was visible only in the hoopoe, while both birds possessed
the retractor anguli oculi muscles. The two later muscles collaborate with the depressor muscle during the closure phase. Two
types of collagen I and III were detected within the stroma of the eyelids of both bird species; the elastic fibres was observed;
few were in the hoopoe's eyelids. The eyelid edge of the hoopoe has more of the elastic fibres than those in its eyelid skin. The
hoopoe's eyelid's epithelial layers contained more cytokeratin (AE1/AE3) than the egret. In conclusion, the anatomical traits of
the hoopoe eyelids contribute to its greater motion compared to the egret eyelids.
Research Date
Research Department
Research Journal
Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia
Research Member
Research Publisher
Wiley
Research Vol
54:e70004
Research Website
https://doi.org/10.1111/ahe.70004
Research Year
2024
Research Pages
1-16