Abstracts: Objective: To assess the effects of nursing guidance about Venipuncture versus ordinary syringe, a Comparative Study on Rates of phlebotomy hematoma. Background: In order to reducing the incidence of phlebotomy hematoma, nurses should receive comprehensive training regarding appropriate blood sampling Study design and methods: Pre-posttest, comparative study design using a quasi-experimental design for both groups. Setting: The surgery departments at Assiut University Hospital. Subjects: There were 40 nurses in total coverage, and 100 randomly selected patients underwent blood sample. The nurses and patients were split into two equal groups. Tools: (I): Patients' assessment (personnel and clinical data), (II): Easy hematoma degree classification and (III) Nurses' awareness questionnaire (demographic characteristics, knowledge, and observation checklist). Results: A statistically significant difference the venipuncture and ordinary syringe groups regarding the rates of phlebotomy hematoma (wound quality of life and wound healing) with a significant correlation between them. Moreover, a statistically significant difference between nurses' knowledge and practice of applying the nursing guidance pre- and post-test. Conclusion: The nursing guidance had a beneficial impact on nurses' knowledge and practice, and it improved the rates of phlebotomy hematoma occurrence among patients who underwent venipuncture compared to the other group using an ordinary syringe Implications for research, policy, and practice: Enhance nurses' knowledge and practice, offer ongoing education and in-service training program to the surgery departments. Apply venipuncture to blood sampling to reduce the risk of phlebotomy hematomas