The crystallization kinetics of Cu10Se90 and Cu20Se80 glasses at different heating rates have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallization phases resulting from the DSC have been identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The DSC thermograms have been analyzed in terms of the activation energy, stability and dimensionality of growth by different models. Results of DSC are reported and discussed from the heating rates’ dependence of values of the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the peak temperature of crystallization (Tp). The characteristic temperatures of the studied chalcogenide glasses has been used to evaluate the glass-forming ability (GFA) by using various thermal stability parameters such as Hruby's criterion (HR). The activation energy for glass (Eg) and the crystallization activation energy (Ec) are derived. The crystallization results are interpreted in terms of recent analyses developed for non-isothermal crystallization and also for the evaluation of (Ec). The average value of the Avrami exponent comes out to be 3, indicating that, the crystallization process takes place via three-dimensional growth with bulk crystallization

The crystallization kinetics of Cu10Se90 and Cu20Se80 glasses at different heating rates have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystallization phases resulting from the DSC have been identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The DSC thermograms have been analyzed in terms of the activation energy, stability and dimensionality of growth by different models. Results of DSC are reported and discussed from the heating rates’ dependence of values of the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the peak temperature of crystallization (Tp). The characteristic temperatures of the studied chalcogenide glasses has been used to evaluate the glass-forming ability (GFA) by using various thermal stability parameters such as Hruby's criterion (HR). The activation energy for glass (Eg) and the crystallization activation energy (Ec) are derived. The crystallization results are interpreted in terms of recent analyses developed for non-isothermal crystallization and also for the evaluation of (Ec). The average value of the Avrami exponent comes out to be 3, indicating that, the crystallization process takes place via three-dimensional growth with bulk crystallization

Arylidene-2-aminobenzimidazoles (1) were prepared by condensation of 2-aminobenzimidazole with aromatic aldehydes. Cyclocondensation of mercaptoacetic acid, chloracetylchloride and phthaloyl glycyl chloride on 1 giving the corresponding 4-thiazolidinones (2) and azetidinones (3 and 4) respectively, in good yields. The biological activities of the prepared compounds were screened against several strains of bacteria.

Arylidene-2-aminobenzimidazoles (1) were prepared by condensation of 2-aminobenzimidazole with aromatic aldehydes. Cyclocondensation of mercaptoacetic acid, chloracetylchloride and phthaloyl glycyl chloride on 1 giving the corresponding 4-thiazolidinones (2) and azetidinones (3 and 4) respectively, in good yields. The biological activities of the prepared compounds were screened against several strains of bacteria.

The reaction of N-(3-carbethoxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thien-2-yl)-N-phenylthiourea (1) with hydrazine hydrate in 1-butanol afforded a mixture of compounds 2, 3 and 4. Treatment of 3 and 4 with nitrous acid gave 6 and 8 respectively, while reactions of 3 with acetylacetone gave 7. Synthesis of tetracyclic compounds 9a-f and 11 from the reactions of 3 with ethyl orthoformate or appropriate acids, acid chloride, carbon disulphide and/or ethyl chloroformate. Also its reaction with isothiocyanate derivatives gave the corresponding thiosemicarbzides 12a,b which on, refluxing in alcoholic KOH gave the unexpected tetracyclic products 14a,b. Similarly the tetracyclic compounds 16a-e and 19 were obtained by cyclization of 4 and 18 respectively.