Monkeypox, lately known as mpox, is a zoonotic viral disease leading to an illness like smallpox in humans, but with lower mortality rates. Usually, the disease lasts between two and four weeks and occasionally results in death. The mpox virus (MPXV) is critical because it is widespread in Western and Central Africa and has spread throughout the Western Hemisphere due to international travel and the exotic pet trade. Mpox is now clinically significant due to the elimination of smallpox and the ensuing decline in vaccination efforts. Concern over the emergence of the human MPXV and its occasionally severe clinical manifestations has grown recently. The importation of diseased dogs to commercialize them as pet animals caused an outbreak of the MPXV in the United States of America. This heightened awareness of the potential for this disease to spread over the globe, either as a component of biological weapons in terrorist operations or as a result of the practice of importing wild animals as exotic pets. This review briefly describes the history, etiological agent, mode of transmission, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and management of mpox, as well as vaccination and prevention of the disease.