Prophylactic antibiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of febrile
morbidity associated with cesarean section after labor. However, the relative effectiveness of different single
antibiotics has been studied infrequently. Several new broad spectrum antibiotics are now available, and any further
benefit from more traditional antibiotics for surgical prophylaxis remains untested. A randomized clinical trial for
testing the efficacy of cephalosporin versus Amoxicillin in preventing post cesarean section infection, and to
identify the role of health education about wound care in reducing post cesarean section wound infection. This study
conducted at emergency unit of the Obstetrics &Gynecological department, Woman's Health Center, Assuit
University Hospital, between 2008 to 2009. Women's undergoing emergency and elective cesarean section were
recruited into the study and given either drug as prophylaxis. The sample comprised 200 pregnant women. 100
pregnant women received Amoxicillin and the other 100 pregnant women received Cephalosporin as a prophylactic
antibiotic. For each group, 50 women received routine hospital wound care and the other 50 women received health
education about wound care. Random assignment was done by computer generated tables. Concealed envelopes
containing the random number made to be opened after deciding to include the case in the study. the -present study
reported that the percent of surgical site infection (SSI) of elective cesarean section was 2.5% (0.5% in Amoxicillin
group and 2% in cephalosporin group) with no significant difference between both groups. We can concluded that
use of Amoxicillin as a prophylactic antibiotic as effective as Cephalosporin in preventing post cesarean section
wound infection. And women that received health education about wound care are less likely to expose to wound
infection than those who receive only routine hospital care, in spite that the comparative results are not significant.