Invasion of insects to crops and plants causes serious economic loss. The first thinking by farmers is using chemical insecticides to protect the crops. A chemical insecticide is also defined as a chemical substance that is treated singly or mixed with other substances for the purpose of killing, preventing, removing, or reducing pest damage in the field of control. A successful pesticide must have several conditions, such as the effectiveness against the target pest, ease of use, economical, its residues are within safe limits, do not affect human health and beneficial organisms, and have no damage to the soil and beneficial organisms present in it. Pesticides are divided according to the type of pest, chemical composition, nature of the preparation, method of use, method of entry of the pesticide into the body of the insect, and method of effect of the pesticide. The continual dumping of these toxic substances into the environment is among the most troubling effects of anthropogenic activity. Such pollutant residue release affects the natural environment, which has an impact on all the ecological and physiological processes of life forms. Also, the human immunological system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system, and nervous system can all be affected by these pollutants. Microorganisms are ecofriendly, effective, and cheap strategy for pollutant removal. Special microorganisms have the ability to degrade pesticide residues to nontoxic forms. In this chapter, the insecticide bioremediation strategies by different microorganisms, mechanisms, and factors controlling the degradation process will be discussed.