This study investigates outdoor public health by predicting the airflow fields and probabilistic size of breathing zones. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed in a simplified semi-outdoor domain, utilizing a validated computer-simulated person (CSP) with an integrated nasal cavity. The simulations were conducted for eight wind orientations (0◦, 90◦, 180◦, 270◦, 45◦, 135◦, 225◦, and 315◦), four wind velocities (Uref = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 m/s), and one inhalation flow rate (18.7 L/min), considering both steady and transient conditions. The RANS-based equations were solved using the SST k-omega turbulence model. Breathing zones were computed and visualized using the scale for ventilation efficiency 5 (SVE5) and reverse time-traced vector techniques. The results indicated that wind orientation influenced the air velocity, temperature, and breathing zone distribution. The steady-state condition tended to overestimate breathing zones, whereas, under transient conditions, they assumed a semi-cylindrical form that extended horizontally, with a slight slope from the nostrils towards the direction of the wind source. The horizontal extension of the breathing regions increased at high wind speeds and with a smaller cylinder radius compared to calm conditions. Eventually, this study proposed new definitions of the breathing zone in the semi-outdoor environment in different SVE5 values. These findings can contribu
المشارك في البحث
قسم البحث
تاريخ البحث
سنة البحث
2023
مجلة البحث
Building and Environment
الناشر
Elsevier
عدد البحث
243
تصنيف البحث
Q1
صفحات البحث
p.110672.
موقع البحث
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2023.110672
ملخص البحث
Research Rank
International Journal