This work introduced three different versions of a complex model called the chaotic hidden
attractor jerk model. These versions were categorized as commensurate, non-commensurate, and
distributed-order models. They can be applied in various practical fields like physics and image
encryption. We explored the characteristics of these models such as fixed points, symmetry, and
dissipation. These models exhibit chaotic behaviors, as evidenced by the Lyapunov exponent (LLE)
and bifurcation diagram. We introduced a novel combination synchronization (CS) between these
models using a tracking control method. We established a theorem for achieving synchronization
among these different models. We presented numerical computations to validate the analytical results.
Our research primarily focused on the encryption and decryption processes of grayscale images by
the proposed synchronization method. We evaluated the efficacy of image encryption and decryption
through various metrics like information entropy and histograms to ensure the accuracy and security
of the process

AbstractThis study aimed to enhance the production of hydrogen (H2) from anaerobic digestion of banana peels (BP) using the synergistic interaction between the ruminant bacterial strains. Seven ruminant bacterial consortia were designed from sixteen hydrogen producing ruminant bacterial strains. MOST2 (Pediococcus acidilactici, Streptococcus lutetiensis and Bacillus cereus) was the most highly producer giving 398.00 ± 21.67 ml/L on 25% banana peels. The used optimization strategy in this study resulted in maximum H2 (HMax) of 1446.67 ± 60.64 ml/L with a significant improvement of 363.48%. The maximum hydrogen production rate (Rmax) and lag time (λ) were 47.52 ml/L/h, 2.91 h by MLM, respectively, and 35.99 ml/L/h and 5.05 h by MGM, respectively. GC–MS analysis of the fermentation effluent indicated the presence of butyric acid (3.58%), acetic acid (1.81%), and agaric acid (1.70%). The study reveals the feasibility of utilizing banana peel waste as a sustainable feedstock for hydrogen production by the ruminant bacterial consortia.

One of the most important concerns now governing international attention is energy generation. In this work, Ce(NDC)MOF@Bentonite nanocomposite was synthesized and used as a novel and effective catalyst for the green synthesis of hydrogen. The synthesized composite was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), N2-adsorption, Fourier- transform infrared (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. On the view of the characterized data, a pure and distinct crystalline phase with a highly specific surface area (SBET) of 58.5 m2/g was formed. Moreover, the morphology of the nanocomposite was monitored through scanning (SEM). SEM image which revealed a highly porous surface texture with some large particles with highly spherical morphology. The catalytic performance of the fabricated catalysts was propped via the hydrolysis of sodium borohydride. The effect of NaBH4 concentration, weight of the catalyst, and the reaction temperature on NaBH4 hydrolysis was investigated. The hydrogen generation rate HGR of 116.02 mL min−1g− 1 at 30 °C was achieved using 16 mg of the catalyst and 0.05 M NaBH4. Kinetic and thermodynamic functions including activation energy, enthalpy, entropy, and free energy changed were also estimated. This work suggests that such novel and highly active catalysts hold strong potential as advanced materials for hydrogen energy applications.