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Insight into the inclusion complexation of Fluconazole with Sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene in aqueous solution, solid-state, and its antimycotic activity

Research Authors
• Tayel A. Al Hujran, Mousa K. Magharbeh, Al-Meqdad Y. Alhabashna, Rasha S. Al-Dmour, Ashrf Aboelela, Hesham M. Tawfeek
Research Date
Research Department
Research Journal
Molecules
Research Publisher
MPDI
Research Vol
27
Research Website
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27144425.
Research Year
2022
Research Abstract

The study aims to assess the interaction between fluconazole and sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene towards enhancing its dissolution performance and antimycotic activity. A solubility study was carried out at different pH conditions, and the results revealed the formation of a 1:1 molar ratio fluconazole-sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene inclusion complex with an AL type phase solubility diagrams. The solid powder systems of fluconazole-sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene were prepared using kneaded and co-evaporation techniques and physical mixtures. DCS, PXRD, TGA-DTG, FT-IR, and in vitro dissolution performance characterize the prepared systems. According to physicochemical characterization, the co-evaporation approach produces an amorphous inclusion complex of the drug inside the cavity of sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene. The co-evaporate product significantly increased the drug dissolution rate up to 93 ± 1.77% within 10 min, unlike other prepared solid powders. The antimycotic activity showed an increase substantially (p ≤ 0.05, t-test) antimycotic activity of fluconazole co-evaporate mixture with sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene compared with fluconazole alone against clinical strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. In conclusion, sulfonatocalix[4]naphthalene could be considered an efficient complexing agent for fluconazole to enhance its aqueous solubility, dissolution performance, and antimycotic activity.